will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. An elastic surface such as rubber and a very hard surface such as concrete will result the highest bounce level. The reason for our error was that we thought that the tennis ball might be specially made to bounce to the same height. In this experiment you will test the bounce of a dropped ball for different surface hardness. From this I am able to determine that the experiment was very accurate. 1. What factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball? Choose one of the variables you listed in #4, and design an experiment to test it. So if we double the release height, we will get double bounce height. Also it shows inaccuracies in the experiment as it shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. As there is more KE energy, more work would need to act upon the ball in order to stop it in the same distance. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. When the ball travels in the negative direction (downwards), the velocity can be assumed to be negative. What purpose does a control serve? Several meter sticks for measuring the height of the bouncing ball or drawing a larger meter stick. The third stage is the point at which the ball is momentarily deformed, and bounces off the ground in an upward direction until it reaches its maximum height. This denting extracts energy from the balls motion and stores much of it in the elastic surfaces of the floor and ball. A ball falls from 8 metres and rebounds to 52 percent of its previous height. Variables are For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. By the time the ball comes briefly to a stop, most of its missing energy has been stored in its dented surface. Locate the peaks and record the time for each peak. The acceleration on the ball is the acceleration of gravity, which acts downwards on the ball. A ball falls from a height of 6 metres. Heres an example of an Excel spread sheet that analyzes whats going on: Heres a graph of energy vs. bounce from the spread sheet: Purpose: To determine how high a tennis ball will bounce when dropped from a specific height. You will next need to record your bounces and their respective times. This did not happen in my experiment however. Grammar mistakes. At the moment of impact, the ball also experiences deformation and the coefficient of restitution, which depends on the bounciness of the ball. Now is the time to pull together what happened, and assess the experiments you did. Using the trends in your experimental data and your experimental observations, try to answer your original questions. Often, mathematical equations can be made from graphs. Design an experiment to test each hypothesis. C) Frozen tennis balls will not bounce as high. As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. Perform this test in a Gym or anywhere else where you have a hard surface and an accessible wall. This causes thermal energy to be given off. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. What is the force that causes a ball to bounce? Yes, as elastic potential energy causes the ball to bounce off the ground and is converted into kinetic energy once the ball is in the air, causing it to move. In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. The results of the experiment were obtained with a method that ensured that every drop was under similar conditions which ensured a fair test. Therefore the ball dropped from the higher height must give out more thermal energy in order to end up with the same amount of energy as the other ball. A bouncing ball is an example of oscillatory motion as the ball is oscillating about the equilibrium position. The procedure allowed me to observe the affects of the height from which a table tennis ball was dropped from upon the height to which it bounced. The ball is not performing a simple harmonic motion, as the acceleration is not proportional to the displacement from an equilibrium position. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. We felt the magic immediately. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. Try to find more information from physics or mechanics books. 8. In this experiment the only variable that we modify is the release height and we keep all other variables unchanged. Purpose The ball starts at height h, No energy is lost when the ball is falling; there is no air resistance, so no Thermal Energy is produced. As there is more KE, more energy is converted into elastic potential energy, As there is more elastic potential energy, more energy is converted back into KE energy. Thus a typical ball bounces to 60% of its original height because it stores and returns 60% of the energy it had before the bounce. ThatQuiz This would eliminate parallax error further. Also it shows inaccuracies in the experiment as it shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. It is a separate experiment, done exactly like the others. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. Will you pass the quiz? This is Newtons Third Law of Motion- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. 7. Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height Create and find flashcards in record time. Report DMCA Overview Also its Gravitational Potential energy is decreasing because its height is decreasing. Click Create Assignment to assign this modality to your LMS. However, they only stretch for an instant before atomic interaction forces them back into their original, tangled shape and the ball shoots upward. Something about its situation then must determine its rebound, but what? Variables Independent variable = drop height Dependent variable = bounce height Controlled variables = ball, surface, measuring tool. WebControlled Variables: Bouncy ball used, surface bounced off of, technique in which ball was dropped (initial height was measured from base of ball). Dependable controls are sometimes very hard to develop. The controlled variables in this experiment are the surface the ball is rolling on, the material the ball is made of, the size of the ball, the measuring devices being used, the distance the ball travels, and the method being used to release the ball each time, for example the position of the hand. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. As elasticity and hardness decreases, part of the ball energy will be used to permanently dent or misplace or vibrate the surface, so ball will have less energy to bounce. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. This will mean that I will have to have the interval between the different heights from which the ball is dropped from less than 20cm, probably at 10cm. Newton's third law states that every force or action has an equal and opposite reaction. What is happening to the balls energy with each bounce? This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Following are some sample information that you may find: Everyone has played with balls that bounce, but few people truly understand the physics behind a bouncing ball. Sometimes the designer of an experiment can miss the obvious. This motion can be described using a geometric sequence, as the height of the ball after each bounce depends on the initial height from which the ball fell. Because of these forces, both the ball and floor deform inward. The purpose of this project is to find out what factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball. h2= The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. The positive and negative directions must be stated in each example. The average variation between results was 3cm. List three. Repeat your tests 9 more times and each time lower the release height for 6 inches. Ball Experiment So if we double the air pressure, we will get double bounce height. Bouncing Ball Experiment Dropping a ball from different heights Dropping a ball from different heights could affect Stages of bouncing ball example, Panagi - StudySmarter Originals, Motion graphs of a bouncing ball, Panagi - StudySmarter Originals. ball bounced 6 inches. Variables are the factors that are changed, measured or controlled. Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height of the drop and the height of the bounce. Hence the final answer is: \(\text{Total distance} = 2 \cdot S_n = 2 \cdot 9.6 m= 19.2m\). Balls Bouncing Off of Surfaces 2. - Height at which the The bounce of a dropped ball has a direct relation with the air pressure inside the ball. B) If this is an ideal scenario where energy is not lost and the ball continues to bounce infinitely, what is the distance of travel? Several new questions may have occurred to you while doing experiments. The force that is received by the ball from the ground from the collision causes it to rebound, which converts the potential energy to kinetic energy. More thermal energy is also produced. Calculating the coefficient to restitution of ball hitting the floor: The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of h1against h2. If you choose to study on the effect of air pressure inside the ball, your variables will be defined like this: Independent variable (also known as manipulated variable) is the balls air pressure. What type of motion does a bouncing ball experience? D) If I freeze a tennis ball, then it will not bounce as high. Bouncing Ball Experiment Our simple experiment is to drop a ping pong ball weighed at 3 grams from a height of 1 metre then 90cm, 80cm, 70cm, A ball that is dropped in air however is subjected to air resistance which affects the height to which it bounces. Figure 1. From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. For this reason, its also known as a controlled variable or a constant variable. The force that causes a ball to bounce is the reaction force described by Newton's third law of motion. This was when the ball was falling in air. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. Air density will not change enough to affect the flight of the ball seeing as all the results will be collected during a brief period on one day. As it falls, the ball converts energy stored in the force of gravitygravitational potential energyinto energy of motionkinetic energy. Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. It tells us that the ball consistently bounced to half of its drop height. Therefore the heavier the ball is, the faster its terminal velocity. You WebVariables. The surface onto which the ball is dropped upon will be kept the same. With no net force, the acceleration = 0 and the ball falls at a constant velocity. As energy cannot be created or destroyed it follows that the energy must have come from the energy that the ball possesses. This is impossible. If you are using windows sound recorder program, you can view the recorded waves with an accuracy of 0.01 second. Our dependent variable was. The distance along the ramp which the balls rolls. What is the dependent variable in the bouncing ball experiment? While these variables are not the As the ball has less KE and is travelling slower it becomes stationary faster at the top of its arc. Finally, we need to multiply the distance found by 2, as one bounce of the ball includes both a rise and fall.